Chinese passenger cars produced after 2005 have fully transitioned to asbestos-free brake pads, clutch plates, and gaskets. However, for export to countries with strict regulations, buyers must pay for sampling and testing by a NATA-accredited laboratory before shipment, and obtain an asbestos-free certificate.

Absolutely. The extreme temperature fluctuations will significantly accelerate the aging of chassis rubber parts, oil seals, and interior plastics. For vehicles frequently dispatched across such latitudes, we will conduct fatigue resistance checks on chassis rubber parts that are twice as stringent as those for vehicles in temperate regions.

China has a large number of luxury cars and a fast turnover rate. For luxury cars of the same year and mileage, the FOB offshore price in the Chinese market usually still has a 10%-15% arbitrage opportunity after deducting shipping costs, especially for models with high depreciation rates.