Two main shipping methods are used for used cars from China: 1) Container shipping: the car is loaded into a 20ft or 40ft container. Safer, protects from weather and damage, and allows personal items inside the car. Slightly more expensive. 2) RoRo (roll-on/roll-off): the car is driven onto the ship. Cheaper for single units, but no protection and no personal belongings allowed. Typical transit times from major Chinese ports (Shanghai, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Qingdao): - Middle East: 12-20 days - Europe: 25-40 days - East/West Africa: 30-45 days - South America: 35-50 days - Southeast Asia: 5-12 days Add 5-10 days on each side for port handling, customs, and inland delivery. Peak season (before Chinese New Year and summer) can add delays, so book space 2-3 weeks ahead.

Pure electric vehicles are classified as Class 9 Dangerous Goods due to their large lithium batteries, leading to strict shipping regulations. Shipping companies have high requirements for the loading position and fire isolation measures for dangerous goods, and some roll-on/roll-off ships refuse to accept used EVs. As a result, EVs often require more expensive special container shipping and incur additional handling fees for hazardous materials.

Obtaining precise internal resistance at different SOC levels requires disassembling the battery pack and connecting it to a professional charge-discharge cabinet for several days of cycling tests. This is beyond the scope of non-destructive used car inspections; we only provide real-time estimated internal resistance data based on OBD port readings.